Motion-picture and sound-reproducing apparatus



].Ii. SALTZMAN.

MOTION PICTURE AND SOUND REPRODUCING APPARATUS,- APPLICATION FILED MAR.15. l9'l5.'RENEWED OCT. 3. 1919.

1,341,933,- Patented June 1, 1920.

4 SHEETSSHEET l- J. G. SALTZMAN.

MOTION PICTURE AND SOUND REPRODUCING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION r1150 MAR. 15. 1915. RENEWED OCT. 3. 1919.

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MOTION PICTURE AND SOUND REPRODUCING APPARATUS.

APPLlCATlON FILED MAR. I5, 19:5. RENEWED OCT. 3. 1919.

1 933 Patentgd .1 unu 1, 1920.

4 SHEETS -SHEET 3.

mllll l 5] vwe wtoz J. G. SALTZMAN.

MOTION PICTURE AND SOUND REPRODUCING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 15, I9l5. RENEWED OCT. 3. 1919.

1,341,933. Patented June 1,1920.

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JOSEPH G. SALTZMAN, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO ACOUSTI-SCOPECORPORATION, CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

MOTION-PICTURE AND sounn-anraonucmc- ArrARA'TiJs.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 1, 1920.

Application filed March 15, 1915, Serial No. 14,339. Renewed October 3,.1919. Serial No. 328,316.

- sound reproducing machine or phonograph,

and it is the primary object of the invention to provide a combinedapparatus of this character in which the driving means are common toboth and means are-'provided to retard or advance the movement of onemachine relative to the movement of the other to maintain a picturebeing projected in synchronism with the record he ing reproduced.

A further object of the invention is to provide in apparatus of thischaracter a sound reproducing machine having a plurality of recordcarriers either one or more of which are adapted to be automaticallyplaced into operative connection with the driving means at apredetermined time.

Another object of the invention is to provide a quick releasableconnection or coupling between the motion picture machine and thedriving means.

Other objects and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification,Figure 1 is a front elevation, partly in section, of an apparatus.showing an embodiment of my invention, only a portion of the motionpicture machine being shown in dotted lines.

Fig.' 2 isa side elevation partly broken away.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the upper portion of the soundreproducing apparatus, the cover being broken away to show the interioror driving mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of a detail showing the manner of connecting arecord carrier to the driving means.

Fig. .5 is a front elevation of the mechanism shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a sectional side elevation illustrating the means toautomatically throw a record carrier into operative connection with thedriving means at a predetermined Fig. 8 is a sectional detail of thequickreleasable coupling to connect the motion picture machine with thedriving means.

Fig. 9 is a perspective detail view showing the manner of releasing thelatch mechanism to release a record carrier and permit it to beoperatively connected to-the driving means.

Fig; 10 is a detailperspective view of the means to release a recordcarrier to cause it to be automatically placed in operative connectionwith the driving means.

Fig. 11 is a detail view in perspective of the means to connect a recordcarrier to the driving means; and

Fig. 12 is. a detail perspective view of a portion of the main drivingshaft showing the means to retard or increase the speed of one portionof said shaft relative to the other portion.

Similar characters of reference designate like parts throughout thedifferent views of the drawings.

The embodiment of my invention illustrated in the drawings comprises asuitable supporting frame consisting of connected posts or standards 14supporting a table 15 adjacent their upper ends upon which the operatingmechanism for the record carrlers and the picture machm'e are mounted,th1s mechanism being inclosed by a removable cover, as shown at 16.

-multaneously therewith in proper synchronism reproduce the talkingparts of the play or the song. This is not possible without inconnectionwith the driving means at a pre-' determined time or times, thusproducing an apparatus in which there is no interruption of theoperation of the picture machine, and therecords can be changed whilethe apparatus is in operation.

The picture machine and the sound reproducing machine are operated froma main driving shaft 17 driven from the source ofpower, such as a motorM, by suitable power transmission mechanism, in the present instanceconsisting of a friction driving wheel 18 fixed to the shaft of themotor cooperating with a friction disk 19 mounted on a shaft 20 torotate therewith and have sliding movement thereon, the disk beingmaintained in yielding engagement with the wheel 18 by springs 21 coiledabout pins 23 fixed at one end in the diskand confined between said diskand a collar 22 fixed to the shaft 20 in which the pins slidably engageand serve to connect the friction disk to said shaft. The upper end ofthe shaft 20 is journaled in the table 15 and is geared, as at 24, to ashaft 25 which is geared, as at 26, to the shaft 17, and geared, as at27, to a shaft 28, the gearing 24, 26 and 27 preferably being spiralgearing.

n the present instance I have shown the records R as being of thedisk-form and as two being utilized, said disk being adapted to becarried by rotatable tables or carriers comprising heads 29 fixed tovertical spindles 32 supporting disks 30 operatively connected-theretobyasuitable friction grip ping material 31, such as rubber, interposed,therebetween, the ends of the spindles proecting through the heads anddisks and aving a rubber gasket or sleeve 33 thereon to assist tofrictionally carry the disks by the heads. The records are carried onthe disks 30 and connected thereto by a pin engaging in an openin in therecords. To the lower ends of the spindles 32 are fixed worm wheels 34with which the worms 35 loose on the shaft 28 mesh, the worms beingconnected to one member of clutches 36 also loose on the shaft 28, withthe cooperating clutch members 37 mounted on the shaft to rotatetherewith and have sliding movement thereon, the spindles bein coupledto the shaft 28 through said elutc es.

The main driving shaft 17 also operates the picture machine which maybeof any it will carry suitable construction and is represented in dottedlines in Fig. 1 at P. The main driving shaft consists of a pair of axialsections, the one section 17 drivim the record carriers and the othersection 17 driving the picture machine. These sections are connected inaxial alinement by differential gearing (Figs. 1 and 12), comprising abevel gear 38 loose on the shaft 17 and a pair of bevel pinions 39, 39,rotating on an axis transverse to the axis of the shaft 17 meshing withsaid gear and carried by a block fixed to the end of and rotatable withthe shaft 17, said pinions also meshing with a beveh gear 40 fixed tothe end of shaft section 17. It will be obvious that as the shaftsection 17 rotates the pinions 39 with it and said pinions wil othergear 38 being held stationary for a purpose to be hereinafter described;this latter gear being stationary the pinions 39 will travel around thesame causing the shaft section 17 to rotate faster or slower accordingto the ratio of the gearing than the shaft section 17 the gearing in thepresent instance being such that the shaft section 17' will rotate attwice the speed of the shaft section 17.

In this type of apparatus the great difiioulty has been to make thepicture machine and sound reproducing machine synchronize due to thecreeping of the film as the picture is being projected, or due to aportion of the film being damaged with the necessity of removing suchportion of the fihn. To cause the two machines to synchronize withoutthe necessity of stopping the apparatus I provide means to retard orincrease the speed of one of the shaft sections, in the present instanceshown as the shaft section 17 connected to the picture machine. Toretard or increase the speed of said shaft section while in operationrelative to the shaft section 17 there is connected to the gear 38 andloose on the shaft 17 a worm wheel 41, a worm 42 fixed to a rotatableshaft 43 meshing with said worm wheel, the latter shaft being normallystationary reventing rotation of the worm wheel an its connected gear38. On the end of the shaft 43 projecting out from' the-cover 16 is acrank 44 whereby the shaft 35 may be manuall rotated in eitherdirection. Should it be esired to retard the speed of the shaft .section17 the shaft 43 is rotated in one carry the gear 40 with them, the

record carrier to the driving shaft. For

this purpose each of the clutches has a pivoted shifter 45, springs 46normally tending to maintain the clutch members in operative engagement.To maintain the clutches out of operative engagement 1 provide a pivotedlatch 46 in the form of a rocker hav- ,ing a notch adjacent each end inwhich a pro ection 47 on the shifters are adapted to engage, as shown inFig. 3. In Fig. 3 the record carrier at the right is in operative.

connection with the driving shaft while the opposite carrier isinoperative, theclutch being disconnected and maintained in suchposition by the engagement of the shifter extension 47 in a latch notch.

To release the clutch at a predetermined time to connect itscoiiperating record carrierto the driving shaft, I provide trippermechanism to release the latch 46, consisting of a pair of rockers 48,49 extending across the framework and pivotally supported at their ends.In the present nstance these rockers are in the form of three parallelbars connected to constitute an 7 angular construction, as shown inFigs. 2, 4, 5 and 6. Each of these rockers has a cam member 50 fixedthereto which engages with one arm of pivoted levers 51, (Figs. 4 to 6and 9) when the rockers are rocked, depressing said end of the leversand raising the opposite ends which engage with the ends of angularextensions 52 of the latch 46 passing through the table 15 and raisingthe ends of the latches thereby throwing them out of operativeengagement with the shifter extensions 47 and permitting the springs '46to pull and maintain the clutches in operative connection. The rockersare actuated by a pair of trippers comprising arms 53, 54 pivotfillycarried by a support 55 slidably mounted on rods 56' and .57 extendingtransversely of the machine to permit the arms to have movementtransversely of the machine. These arms at their upper or springs 58.

To actuate the arms I provide a rotatable drum 59 having a spiral groove60 in the periphery extending from end to end and in which engages-aspring detent or plunger 61 carried by the arm'support 55. As the drumrotates by the engagement of the plunger 61 in the drum groove the armswill move to the right of Fig.1, and should it be desired to move thearms in a reverse direction the arm support is released from the drum byengagement of withdrawing the detent 61 from the drum groove by the knob62 when the arm support may be moved back at will.

To actuate the arms at a predetermined time and thereby connect therecord carrier or carriers to the driving shaft 17 the drum is providedwith removable or adjustable pins 63, 64, the pins 63 being ion or andof less diameter than the pins 64. as the drum rotates are adapted toengage with a forked extension. of the arm 54 thereby rocking said armagainst the"tension of its spring causing the dog 57 to ride under therocker 48, and as the pin 64rides off of the arm extension 65,the'sp'ring 58 will pull back the arm 54, the dog 57 "actuating therocker 48 lifting the right hand end' of the latch 46 and operativelyconnect the record carrier 32 at the right to the driving shaft.

The arm 53 will be actuated when a pin 63 which will pass'between thefork of the extension 65 engages an extension 66 of the other arm 53rocking said arm in a similar manner to the rocking of the arm 54, thedog 56 actuating the rocker 49vraising the opposite end of the latch 46and connecting the record carrier at the left to'the driving shaft. Itwill be obvious that when one of the record carriers is in operatingposition the other carrier is manually disconnected and locked in suchposition by causing the shifter extension 47 to engage with a latchnotch, when a record on such carrier may be removed and anothersubstituted without stopping the apparatus and without inter fering withthe operation of the apparatus whatever. i

The drum is provided with equally spaced apart graduations extendingaround the periphery thereof, the space between each raduationrepresenting a certain length of film fed during the projection ortaking of a picture. The drum is also provided with openings at thesegraduated points for the the pins 63, 64, and the drum being rotated ataspeed relative to the speed of-the projecting machine that the locationof the pins can be readily located to operate the means to connect therecord carriers to the driving shaft and can be readily predetermined.

To retard and stop the rotation of a record carrier when it isdisconnected from the driving means by the throwing of a clutch out ofengagement by its shifter, the shifters have an extension 67 toengagewith a member 68 to cause the latter to frictionally engage withthe worm wheel 34 of a carrier.

The drum is also driven from the shaft 17 by'a shaft 69 (Fig. 7) gearedto the shaft 17, as at 70, and having a worm 71 to rotate therewith andhave sliding movement thereon, said Worm meshing with a worm wheel 72which is releasably connected to he pins 64 To permit of adjustment ofthe drum so 1 that the movement thereof will correspond and be in propertimed relation to the record I carriers, the shaft 69 is so mounted thatthe worm 71 can be lifted out of mesh with the worm wheel 72. For thispurpose one end of the shaft is (journaled in a bearing 74- slidablymounte in a bracket 75, a spring 76'normally maintaining said bearingand the shaft in its uppermost position. After the drum has beenadjusted relative to the record carriers, which must of necessity insome instances be a very fine adjustment should the worm 71 rest upon atooth of its cooperating worm wheel by turning a thumb nut 77 in eitherdirection the worm may be adjusted along its shaft until it engages in atooth space of its cooperating worm wheel.

To permit of the quick release of the proj ecting machine from the soundreproducing machine, or the substitution of a camera for such projectingmachine, the shaft section 17' consists of two sections 17 and 17 andare connected by a quick releasable coupling. This coupling consists ofcutting away'a portion of each shaft section at the end for substantiallone half of its diameter so that the 'en s of the shaft sections have amatin connection, as clearly shown in Fig. 8. he shaft section 17slidably carries a sleeve 78 having two internal diameters, the end ofthe sleeve of greater diameter being on the section 17 which has acollar upon which the sleeve directly en gages thereby leaving a spacebetween the shaft and sleeve in which is located a spring 79 coiledabout the shaft and confined between the'collar and a shoulder formed bythe end of the sleeve of reduced diameter, the said latter end of theshaft bearing directly upon the mating ends of the shaft sections. Itwill be readily understood that by shifting the sleeve against thetension of the spring and away from the mating shaft ends the shaft canbe readily uncoupled.

In the commercial type of camera for taking photographs of successivephases of an object or objects the operating shaft toa'ctuate themechanism to feed the film intermittently and to expose portions of thefilm during the periods of rest is rotated at one half the speed of theoperating shaft .of a commercial projecting machine to actuate the-mechanism to project the pictures of such film, and to'compensate forthis when utilizing the sound reproducing apparatus with a camera, theshafts 17 and 25 are provided with a pair of supplemental gears 80 and81 to be substituted for the gears 83 and 84 of the gearing 24, 26,these gears being so mounted on their respective shafts that they may bereadily substituted one for the other.

By constructing the turn tables or carriers for the records as shown,the disk 31 may be adjusted at will on the head 29 so that the startingportion of the record may be placed in proper starting position withrelation to the transmitter or sound reproducer T so that when a recordcarrier is placed in operative connection with the driving shaft 17 byits clutch it will at once reproduce the matter on the record. Theengagement of the pin 33 in the opening of the record posi tivelyconnects the record to the table.

The drum 55 is mounted in the framework to be readily removable. Forthis purpose the ends of the drum have a pivot recess in which engagesupporting pivots, the pivot for one end of the drum being carried by abracket 85 fixed to a platform 86 supported by the standards 14;, thepivot for the other end of the drum being carried by a bar 87 hingedlysupported at one end by the framework, as at 88, the other end beingreleasably supported, as at 89, to prevent accidental releasing of thesame.

The speed of the driving shaft 17 is regulated through the frictiontransmitting mechanism 18, 19. For this purpose the motor to which thedriving wheel 18 is connected is mounted on a table 90 supported by thestandards to have sliding movement nected thereto to facilitate therotation thereof( It will be obvious that by rotating I the hand wheelin one direction the motor with the wheel 18 will be moved toward theshaft 20 and as it is rotated in a reverse dlrection it will be adjustedlaterally of the disk 19. I

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of my invention, andportions of the invention may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I 9

claim: .7

1 The combination with a machine having a drive shaft for projectingpictures in successive sequence and a sound re roducmg machine ha adrive shaft, 0 means to couple the drive shafts of said machinestogether and operative to synchronize a picture being ro ected with therecord reproduced by t e sound reproducing machine, comprising a gearfixed to the driving shaft of one of said machines, inions revolublewith the shaft of e other machine and in mesh with the gear to couplethe Shafts. together and normally revolve the two shafts at the samespeed, manually operative means to rotate said inions independent oftheir movement wit the shaft to retard or increase the speed of the oneshaft relative to the other, and a source of power connected to one ofsaid machines.

2. Thecombination with a machine having a drive shaft for projectingpictures 1n successive sequence and a sound reproducing machine to meshwit BPLDlO I1int}O couple the two shafts together and no ally 'revolvethe two shafts at the same speed, and means to rotate the gear loose onthe shaft of the sound reproducing machine to rotate said gear in thesame direction as said shaft or in reverse direction to retard orincrease the speed of the driving shaft of the picture machine. v

3. The combination with a machine having a drive shaft for projectingpictures in successive sequence and a sound reproducing machine having adrive shaft, of means to couple said machines together and operative.

to synchronize a picture being projected with the record reproduced bythe sound reproducing machine, comprising a gear loose on the drivingshaft for the sound reproducing machine, a pair of pinions revolublewith'said shaft and in mesh with the gear thereon, said pinions beingadapted to be rotatedon an axis transverse to the axis of rotation ofthe shaft, a gear fixed to the driving shaft of the projecting machineto mesh with the pinions to couple the two shafts, together and normallydrive them positively at the same speed, a worm wheel fixed to the loosegear, a worm in mesh with said worm wheel and normally holding said gearagainst movement, and a manually operative crank connected to theworm-and 0perative to rotate the Worm and connected gear and thereby'thepinions in either direction at will to retard or increase the speed ofthe shaft of the picture projecting machine for the purpose specified.

4. In apparatus of the class specified, the combination of a machine totake or pro ject pictures in successive sequence; a sound reproducingmachine having a pair of record carriers; means to simultaneously drivethe both machines; a clutch-for each of the record carriers tooperatively connect them to the driving means; means to normallymaintain one of the clutches in inoperative position and its cooperatingrecord carrier inoperative; a shifter for each clutch; a

latch to cooperate with either one of said shifters to maintain itsconnected clutch in inoperative position; and means to actuate saidlatch at a predetermined time to cause 'elther of the clutches to bethrown into operative position and connect its cooperating recordcarrier to the driving means, comprising a tripper, and means to actuatesaid tripper.

5. In apparatus of the class specified, the combination of a machine totake or project pictures in successive sequence; a sound reproducingmachine having a pair of record carriers; means to simultaneously drivethe both machines; a clutch for each of the record carriers tooperatively connect them to the driving means; means to normallymaintain one of the clutches in inoperative position and its cooperatingrecord carrier inoperative; a shifter for each clutch; a latch tocooperate with either one of said shifters to maintain its connectedclutch in inopera-v tive position; a tripper to actuate the latch; and arotatable drum having lateral projecting pins to actuate the trippers.

6. In sound reproducing apparatus, the combination of a pair of recordcarriers; a shaft to drive both of said carriers; a clutch for eachcarrier to operatively connect the carriers to the shaft or disconnectthem therefrom; a shifter for each clutch; and a latch cooperating withsaid shifters to normally maintain one of the clutches inoperative/engagement to connect one of the carriers to the driving shaftand the other clutch in inoperative position; a tripper for said latchto release either one of said clutches to operatively connect itscooperating record carrier to the shaft; and a rotatable drum havinglaterally projecting pins to actuate said tripper. v

7. In sound reproducing apparatus, the combination of a pair of recordcarriers; a shaft to drive both of said carriers; a clutch for eachcarrier to operatively connect the carriers to the shaft or disconnectthem therefrom; a shifter for each clutch; and a pins to cooperate withthe trippers at pre-.

determined times to actuate the trippers.

8. In a sound reproducing apparatus, the combination of a pair of recordcarriers; a

shaft to drive both. of said carriers; a clutch for each carrier tooperatively connect the carriers to the shaft or disconnect themtherefrom; a shifter for each clutch; a latch cooperating with saidshifters to normally maintain one of the clutches out of operativeengagement and permit the other to engage to connect one of the carriersto the shaft; a pair of trippers to actuate the latch to release eitherone'of said clutches to operatively connect its cooperating carrier tothe shaft; and means to actuate the trippers at a predetermined time.

9. In a sound reproducing apparatus, the combination of a pair of recordcarriers; a

shaft to drive both of said carriers; a clutch for each carrier tooperatively connect the carriers to the shaft or disconnect themtherefrom; a shifter for each clutch; a latch cooperating with saidshifters to normally maintain one ofthe clutches out of operativeengagement and permit the other to engage to connect one of the carriersto the shaft; a pair of trippers to actuate the latch to release eitherone of said clutches to operatively connect its cooperating carrier tothe shaft; and means to actuate the trippers at a predetermined time,comprising a pair of rockers, a pair of pivoted trip arms to rock saidrockers, and a rotatable drum having laterally projecting pins to engagewith and trip the arms.

10. In a sound reproducing apparatus, the combination of a pair ofrecord carriers; a shaft to drive both of said carriers; a clutch foreach carrier to operatively connect the carriers to' the shaft ordisconnect them therefrom; a shifter for each clutch; a latchcooperating with said shifters to normally maintain one of the clutchesout of operative engagement and permit the other to engage to connectone of the carriers to the shaft; a pair of trippers to actuate thelatch to release either one of said clutches to 0peratively connect itscooperating carrier to I the shaft; and means to actuate the trippers ata predetermined time, comprising a pair of rockers extending across themachine, a pair of pivoted trip arms supported to have movementtransversely of the machine in a direction parallel with the rockers, arotatable drum having a spiral groove in which a portion of the armsupport engages; and pins projecting laterally from the drum to actuatethe arms.

11. In a sound reproducing apparatus, the combination of a pair ofrecord carriers;

a shaft to drive both of said carriers; a

clutch for each carrier to operatively connect the carriers to the shaftor disconnect them therefrom; a shifter for each clutch; a latchcooperating with said shifters to normally maintain one of the clutchesout of operative engagement and permit the other to engage to connectone of the'carriers to the shaft; a pair of trippers to actuate thelatch to release either one of said latches to operatively connect itscooperating carrier to the shaft; and'means to actuate the trippers at apredetermined time, comprising a pair of rockers extending across themachine, a pair of pivoted trip arms supported to have movementtransversely of the' machine in a direction parallel with the rockersand having spring influenced pawls adapted to pass by the rockers whenthe arms are moved in one direction and engage with and rock saidrockers when the arms are moved in a reverse direction, a rotatable drumhaving a spiral groove, means carried by the arm support to releasablyengage in said groove to cause the arms to move transversely and topermit the release of said support to permit the arms to be moved in areverse direction, and pins projecting laterally from the drum to engagewith and actuate the arms.

12. In a sound reproducing apparatus, the combination of a pair ofrecord carriers; a shaft to drive both of said carriers; aclutch foreach carrier to operatively connect the carriers to the shaft ordisconnect them therefrom; a shifter for each clutch; a latchcooperating with said shifter to normally maintain one of the clutchesout of operative engagement and permit the other to engage to connectone ofthe carriers to the shaft; a pair of trippers to actuate the latchto release either one of said clutches-to operatively connect itscooperating carrier to the shaft; and. means to actuate the trippers ata predetermined time, com rising a pair of rockers extending across t emachine, a pair of arms supported to have movement transversely of themachine in a direction parallel with the arms, one of said arms having aforked portion and the other arm a portion projecting in a plane betweenthe forks of the projection of the other arm, spring influenced pawlscarried by the arms adapted to rock the rockers when the arms are movedin one direction, a rotatable drum having a spiral groove in theperiphery, a spring detent carried by the arm support to releasablyengage in said groove to cause the arms to move tra usversely and topermit the release of said support to move the arms in a reversedirection, and a series of pins carried by the substantially as and forthe purpose speci- 13. In a sound reproducing apparatus,

the combination of a pair of record carriers;

determined time; andmeans to drive the drum from the driving shaft topermit adjustment thereof relative to the record carriers.

14. In a sound reproducing apparatus, the combination of a pair ofrecord carriers; a driving shaft to drive said carriers; a normallydisconnected clutch for each carrier; means including a rotatable drumhaving laterally projecting pins to cause either one of said clutches tooperatively connect its cooperating carrier to the shaft at apredetermined time; and. means to drive the 'drum from the driving shaftto permit adnormally disconnected clutch for each carrier; meansincluding a rotatable drum having laterally projecting pins to causeeither one of said clutches to operatively connect its cooperatingcarrier to the shaft at a predetermined time; and means to drive thedrum from the driving shaft to permit adjustment thereof relative to therecord carrier, comprising a worm Wheel connected to the drum, a shaft,a worm on the shaft to mesh with the worm wheel, a second worm connectedto said shaft, and a worm wheel connected to the driving shaft withwhich said latter shaft meshes, said shaft being so mounted to permit oflateral movement thereof to throw the worm thereon out of mesh with theworm drum wheel.

JOSEPH a. SALTZMAN.

Witnesses:

JOHN O. SEIFERT, PAULA PHILIPP.

